Add the theme base mixins of Angular Material 17

Material 17 moved the base styles of each component out of its color, typography and density mixins into a separate base mixin, which only the full theme mixin includes. When the stylesheets of a project include such partial mixins, such as mat.button-color, but neither the matching theme nor base mixin, adds the missing base mixins after @include mat.core(), or after the declaration of the theme when every partial mixin uses the same theme variable. A stylesheet that includes mat.core() without such a theme in scope is marked instead of getting base mixins without a theme, which would not compile. This is the theme base migration of the @angular/material 17 ng update, applied to projects that are not on Material 17 yet.